Tuesday, August 4th, we took a drive to Quake Lake with our
hiking buddies. Quake Lake was formed on August 17th, 1959, when a magnitude
7.3+ earthquake - in the hills a few miles west of Yellowstone National Park -
caused a mountain side to fall into the valley where the Madison River flowed,
creating a dam over 100 feet high, across the entire valley.
A dirt road a few miles east of the epicenter of the
earthquake and just north of Hebgen Lake, takes you to a half mile trail that
leads to a place where a fault fractured and was displaced up to 20+ feet.
The hike follows a nice little creek, sometimes choked with
dead fall trees.
There are also a few secluded camp sites, large enough for
tents or a small trailer.
The same drop in the ground level north of Hebgen Lake
caused the lake itself to tip towards the northeast. That tipping caused the
lake to slosh back and forth for about 39 minutes, with the water overtopping the
man made Hebgen Dam. Many people believed the dam would fail completely.
Fortunately, there were only a few cracks in the dam.
About seven miles farther west is an area that slumped into
Hebgen Lake during the earthquake. It was the location of a cabin resort called
the Hilgard Lodge. The lakeside cabins slid into the lake while people
scrambled out of them. There are remnants of a couple of the cabins and an
outhouse left.
In the same area, a section of the highway also collapsed
into Hebgen Lake.
A few miles up the road from Hebgen Lake is the Quake Lake
visitor's center, which sits on the debris that fell from the mountain across
the river and flowed up the other side of the valley. The visitors center was
an interesting display of stories from people that lived or were camping in the
area the night the earthquake occurred.
As the water rose behind the material that dammed the river,
it began to over-top the new dam. The Army Corp of Engineers quickly went to
work excavating a spillway, to prevent the collapse of the new dam, which could
have caused massive flooding downstream. The photo below shoes the spillway dug
through the debris that slid down from the treeless area on the mountain in the
background.
On Tuesday, August 11th, we took our last company sponsored
tour. This one took us and our hiking buddies out to the Beartooth Pass,
somewhere we had never been before but always wanted to go. We had to meet the
tour van at Roosevelt Lodge in the north part of Yellowstone at 8:30 a.m., so
we left the campground a little after 5. That gave us plenty of time to get
there and allowed us to have breakfast at the Roosevelt Lodge before we had to
get on the van. It was a beautiful morning for a drive and the traffic was
great at that time of the morning.
The tour took us out the northeast entrance of the park. We
got caught in a small bison jam as we passed through the Lamar Valley, but it
didn't delay us too much. The bison are in the early stages of their rut so we
got to see a little bit the fighting the males do.
Outside the park, you pass through Cooke City, a quaint
little town that was founded during the mining days starting in the 1870's. The
surrounding mountains are very interesting, even on a somewhat hazy day. The
geologic history of the mountains is visible in the different layers of rock.
From just east of the town you can see Pilot and Index
Peaks. Pilot Peak is over 11,700 feet tall and Index Peak is over 11,300 feet
tall. They look very similar to the Matterhorn in Switzerland because they were
formed in exactly the same way, with glaciers eroding the steep sides of the
mountains as they slid down.
A little ways up the road is a waterfall. One of many that flow
down joints in the rocks. This one is unnamed but has the advantage of having
an abandoned bridge that you can walk to, to get a view of it from directly
above and below. The group of people to the left of the falls is a University of Wisconsin geology class doing field work. We got the chance to listen in on the professor's talk at the next stop.
A bit farther up the road you arrive at Beartooth Plateau.
On it sits a lake, directly in front of Beartooth Butte. It was a calm day, so
the reflection of the butte was almost completely undisturbed by ripples.
As we continued up to the 11,000 foot summit of Beartooth
Pass, the road wound around many glacial lakes.
Beyond the pass is a turnout that gives you a look up and
down the Beartooth Valley.
Also at this turnout are a bunch of friendly chipmunks that
will eat out of your hand.
The peak the mountains and pass are actually named after can
be seen easier on your way back towards Yellowstone. Because of the haze and
the distance to the Bear's Tooth Peak, we couldn't get a great photo of it, but
it is still fascinating.
We got home about 6:30 that evening. We had a great time.